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The Kandas and the number of Sargas in each are as follows: Kandaįrom coronation to events leading to His exile, Prabhu Sri Ram’s exile, Bharat milap (meeting)Īll events from their life in Dandakaranya to Mata Sita’s abduction up to meeting with Kabandhaįrom meeting Bhagwan Hanuman to Vali Vadh The Valmiki Ramayana is divided into 7 Kandas (chapters) with each comprising of several sub-chapters known as Sargas where a specific event of the life of Prabhu Sri Ram is narrated. It must be mentioned here that the first syllable of every thousand words when read together forms the Gayatri mantra and hence it is known as the chaturvimshatisahastri Gayatri mantra. Maharishi Valmiki composed the Ramayana in the Anushtup Chhanda (meter) comprising of 24000 shlokas in the Sanskrit language. Thus, Ramayana translates to the journey of Prabhu Sri Ram (रामस्य अयनं). Ramayana is a combination of the words Rama (the Hero of the Mahakavya) and aayana (His journey). This story was later penned down by Maharishi Valmiki who became the Adikavi (first poet) and Ramayana became the Adikavya (first poem). Dev Muni Narad narrated Bhagwan’s life story to show how virtue annihilates vice when he once paid a visit to the Maharishi’s ashram (hermitage). The pain and agony of seeing a defenseless bird being killed by the hunter aroused such emotions in Maharishi that his pain poured out in the form of a shloka. He then cursed the hunter by uttering the above verse which means “Oh hunter! Having killed one from a pair of unsuspecting cranes (Kraunchas) who were engrossed in the act of love, may you not attain glory for very many years to come”. Once Maharishi Valmiki, while on his way to the river for bathing, witnessed a hunter killing one bird from a pair of mating Krauncha (crane) birds. Not only the birth of the Ramayana Mahakavya but also that of poetry in Sanskrit itself lies in these verses. Yat Kraunchamithunaadekam Avadhi Kaamamohitam Maa Nishada Pratistham Tvamagamahs ā svati Samaa It is said that Dev Muni Narad narrated the life story of Prabhu Sri Ram which was then written down in poetry form by Maharishi Valmiki. Ramayana is the first Mahakavya of Hindu Itihas composed by Maharishi Valmiki. The main version of Ramayana is known as Valmiki Ramayana and several folks, as well as regional versions, have been composed as a derivative of the Valmiki Ramayana. These are Smriti granthas (read parts 1, 2, 3, & 4 here) that carry essential life lessons for every Hindu.
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Just like the Puranas, they enhance our understanding of Dharma through the life journeys of Bhagwan Sri Hari Vishnu’s avatars, Bhagwans Sri Ram and Sri Krishna. Both the Ramayana and Mahabharata teach us the essence of Hindu Dharma as enshrined in the Vedas. Our Hindu literature journey now brings us to Bharat’s Itihasas as recorded in the Ramayana and Mahabharata.